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Termites live and work collectively in nests or colonies. Members of the colony take different forms or castes. These include:
Their wings are size and form and double the length of their body. They drop after the colonising flight was created. Shed wings are a fantastic indication of termite presence.
These are the forms of the colony including prospective kings and queens of colonies .
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The reproductives live in a central room in the nest in which a female, or queen, will lay many thousands of eggs every year over her entire life span of about 10 years. Male, or kings, are responsible to fertilising the queens. Multiple reproductives are commonly observed.
The young termites develop in the colony by shedding cuticles in the end of every growth phase, slowly changing until they get to the employee, soldier or adult (winged form). If queens perish, some supplementary reproductives may carry on the colony as neotenics.
Reproductives are generally darker than employees and soldiers. They have functional eyes and their more robust skin (cuticle) is able to resist the outside environment. Once flight, unlike other insects, the wings of termites are lost and piles of shed wings are a clue to termite infestations.
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Officials have darker, heads that are bigger than the other castes. They're blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs.
Soldiers are tougher than the other castes and take longer to die from many toxins, exposure, or starvation. It is their function to defend the colony, if disturbed, while the damage is repaired by the employees.
Soldiers exist in different forms. Most species have soldiers, together with well-developed jaws (mandibles) used to crush attackers, like ants.
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Nastute soldiers occur in Nasustitermes species and are only rarely found as pests in Victoria. They've a snout from which they eject a solution which disturbs and glues attackers.
Phragmotic soldiers have a head, which can be wedged in tunnels to prevent attackers. The termites, that use this particular strategy, are browse this site only occasional introductions to Victoria.
The employees account for the greatest number of termites within the colony, and are consequently responsible for the maximum damage.
They collect food, groom other termites, construct tunnels and fix damage in addition to tending to the kings, queens and their young. These termites are believed to operate 24 hours a day throughout their life span. Worker termites are generally unpigmented. They are blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. .
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Termites hatch from eggs that have been tended by their nest mates in specially constructed nurseries.
As soon as they're mature enough, the young work within the colony in which occupations change with age and maturity.
Once a single colony gets sufficiently large it generates winged reproductives that wait in specially constructed chambers until ready to leave the nest and undertake a colonising flight.
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They leave the nest as a swarm under conditions of high humidity atmosphere, and sometimes low light. Termites are not strong fliers and generally only fly around 1km, although breezes and updrafts can carry them much farther.
Upon landing near a suitable nest site, the female sheds her wings and emits a calling scent. Males quickly respond.
They dig in and within the next few weeks, partner and look after their young until enough workers develop to take over the maintenance roles.
New colonies are established via budding. This is believed to occur when the extremities of the colony lose contact and become independent.
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The main king and queen are believed to exude hormones, which suppress the sexual development of the rest of the colony. But this control breaks down if the land is too large or contact groups is dropped.
Termites work together in nests or colonies. They hatch from eggs as mammals, which can be fed by adult termites. They then develop into castes or four forms of termite:
Soldiers have large, black heads, are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Soldiers are more demanding than other castes and may take longer to control. Some species of soldier termites have strong jaws (mandibles) utilized to crush attackers, like ants.
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Workers are colourless, blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Employees are the largest caste within a colony and are, therefore, responsible for most damage.
Reproductives that are darker in colour to castes, have functional eyes and strong skin. This caste becomes the leaders of colonies.
The temperature, food quality, and action of this colony will determine how long it takes to get a termite to develop from egg to mature.